design of a case-control study.

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Choose Topic: Health and Medical
Select number of pages: 3
Question Description: Two (2) different coursework 11/2 pages each, apa, reference with 5yrs due on Friday.

1. Describe the common characteristics and design of a case-control study. Discuss the three important features when it comes to selecting cases and controls, and identify a situation when one of these might be violated. Discuss the limitations of using questionnaires for determining exposure status and provide examples of alternative strategies for collecting this information in a case-control study.

2. Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of cross-sectional studies and examples of how they can be “descriptive” or “analytic” study designs. Discuss an example of a disease where survival could influence the association between a possible exposure and the disease when measured with a cross-sectional study.
Answer preview

Conducting research studies in healthcare is fundamental since this enables the researchers to understand the risk factors or outcomes in an implemented survey that assesses specified phenomena (Munnangi, & Boktor, 2020). Although there are different research designs, the researchers have to evaluate the most appropriate approach to get good results. By focusing on case-control studies, they are common in health care. These surveys help determine whether a risk factor is linked to an outcome of a condition of interest. In case-control studies, a common characteristic is they involve two groups of participants, mainly the patient cases and the control group. According to Munnangi and Boktor (2020), patient cases are those with underlying health conditions, while the controls are the participants without the condition. The other element is that observations, interviews, or questionnaires are common data collection methods that researchers may select to compare the outcomes. Further, there has to be an exposure agent, enabling the researcher to determine the case-patients’ results. This agent could be smoke, water pollution, unhealthy foods and lifestyle. Hence, these elements make the case-control studies distinguishable from other research designs.

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